印尼房产外资拥有权限制即将松绑──是真的吗?
2015年05月22日 来源：居外印尼财政部长班庞•布迪奥诺（Bambang Brodjonegoro）示，政府将很快允许外国人在印尼拥有豪华公寓，不过没有给出具体的时间。这是政府志在提振经济放缓的最新举措。目前，印尼政府不允许外国私人个体在该国购买房地产或拥有土地。这个禁令已经实施多年来，因为当局担心外国大量收购该国房地产和土地。
[caption id="attachment_129367" align="aligncenter" width="550"] 印尼房产外资拥有权限制即将松绑──是真的吗?[/caption]事实上，市场上已经出现很多方法令他们规避这一禁令，最简单的方法是以印尼当地居民的名义（例如配偶、家庭成员、朋友等）购买印尼房产或土地。显然，这种策略需承担着很大的风险，必须100%确保这位印尼居民是可靠的（有很多情况下， 一旦与这位当地居民关系转差，外国投资就会被愚弄或空手而归）。简而言之，在这种情况下，外国人处于弱势地位。
另一种方式为外国公民以公司的名义印尼购买房产。外国人可以成立一家外国投资公司（外资有限公司，简称PT PMA），然后以公司的名义购买印尼房产。
外国买家购买印尼房产的第三个方法是通过与房地产开发商签订“绑定销售和购买协议”。在印尼停留的时间较短（例如3到5年）的情况下，外国人通常会使用这一方法。在印尼，房地产开发商建好一栋公寓楼之后， 新公寓仍在开发商的名下。在这种情况下，外国买家可以从开发商手中购买公寓，当然证书上，公寓还是在开发商的名下（基本上外国买家购买的是拥有权）。外国买家在购买首都雅加达（Jakarta）豪华新公寓时通常用的就是这种策略。然而，印尼开发者对公寓的所有权最多只有五年期限。因此，如果在这一时期之过后，外国买家想继续拥有房地产，他们需要建立一个外资有限公司（这类公司可以在印尼购买房地产），或者是把公寓卖给印尼公民或公司。
最后，外国公民还可以以“使用权”或“长期租赁”的房产权证买到印尼房产。而年限最高可达50年，并且可以延长。
Foreign Ownership Indonesian Property; Is it Possible?
Without giving details about the time frame， Indonesian Finance Minister Bambang Brodjonegoro said that the government will soon allow foreigners to own luxurious apartments in Indonesia. This move would be the government’s latest move to boost the slowing economy. Currently， private foreign individuals cannot purchase property or own land in Indonesia. This prohibition has been in place for many years as Indonesian authorities were concerned that foreign ownership of Indonesian property and land would surge significantly.
However， there already are several ways to avoid this prohibition. The simplest way is to purchase Indonesian property or land using the name of an Indonesian resident (for example a spouse， family-member， friend， etc.). Obviously， this strategy implies serious risks as you need to be 100 percent sure that the local resident is reliable (there have been many cases where foreigners were fooled or left empty-handed when the relationship with the local resident turned bad). In short， the position of the foreigner is very weak in this case.
Another way for a foreign citizen to buy property in Indonesia is by using the name of a company. The foreigner can set up a foreign investment company (PT Penanaman Modal Asing， or abbreviated PT PMA) and purchase the Indonesian property using the name of the company.
The third way for a foreigner to purchase Indonesian property is by using the name of the property developer through a “binding sale and purchase agreement”. This strategy is often used if the foreigner only stays a relatively short period in Indonesia (for example three to five years). After an Indonesian property developer has established a new apartment complex， the new apartments are still under the developer’s name. In this case， the foreign buyer can purchase the apartment from the developer while still using the developer’s name in the certificate (basically you buy ‘the right to own’). This strategy is often used for luxurious new apartment complexes in Jakarta. However， the Indonesian developer can only hold the certificate for a maximum period of five years. As such， if the foreigner wants to continue owning the property after this period， he or she needs to establish a PT PMA (as the PT PMA can own the property)， or needs to sell the apartment to an Indonesian citizen or company.
Lastly， foreign citizens can buy Indonesian property if the property’s title of ownership is “the right to use” or “long term lease”. This can go up to 50 years and can be extended.